What can be a consequence of non-adherence to INH therapy?

The consequence of non-adherence to isoniazid (INH) therapy primarily leads to an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) relapse. This is because INH is a critical medication used in the treatment and prevention of TB, particularly in patients with latent TB infection or those at high risk of developing active TB disease. When patients do not follow the prescribed treatment regimen, the bacteria may remain alive in the body, leading to a resurgence of the disease.

Inadequate treatment due to missed doses or incomplete courses can result in the bacteria not being fully eradicated, allowing them to multiply once more. This can lead to the re-emergence of TB, possibly in a more severe form or with higher resistance to medications. Therefore, adherence to INH therapy is essential to ensure effective treatment, prevent the development of drug-resistant strains of TB, and reduce the likelihood of relapse.

Other potential consequences of non-adherence, such as potential increased side effects and slower recovery time, do not typically arise directly from failing to take the medication as prescribed. Improved immune function is not a direct consequence of non-adherence to INH therapy either, as the immune response to TB is not enhanced by avoiding medication. In fact, effective treatment with INH would